Should You Use Retinol And Glycolic Acid Together?
| 5 minutes
Let’s answer the question that is likely on your mind: can I use Retinol and Glycolic Acid together?
Yes, you can. But it’s not that simple.
There is a way to use these ingredients together—and if you don’t do it that way, you are simply making a recipe for skin irritation.
In this article, we tell you more about Retinol and Glycolic Acid, how each works on your skin, and what is the best possible way to use them together.
Understanding Retinol and Glycolic Acid
When it comes to slowing down the ageing process, Retinol and Glycolic Acid are the most effective skincare ingredients.
People use them to address skin concerns like sun damage, acne, dryness, wrinkles, fine lines, etc.
Let’s understand how each of them works on your skin -
Retinol (Vitamin A derivative)
Retinol is a type of cosmetic Retinoid found in several skincare products.
Retinol is made of small molecules that go beneath the outer layer of your skin to your dermis.
Once the molecules are past the outer layer, Retinol helps balance out free radicals and boost collagen production.
Following that, there is a plumping effect (increase in the blood flow) in your skin that counteracts skin concerns like wrinkles, fine lines, acne, and hyperpigmentation.
Glycolic Acid - A type of alpha hydroxy acid (AHA)
The outer layer of your skin (stratum corneum) consists of dead skin cells that are closely linked to each other. Glycolic Acid helps to break this link so that the dead cells can easily be scraped.
Moreover, similar to Retinol, Glycolic Acid is also a small molecule that penetrates your skin. This is where Glycolic Acid works at its best.
It stimulates cells that contribute to the formation of connective tissues (Fibroblasts) to enhance collagen production. This whole process helps in making your skin firmer and reduces signs of ageing such as fine lines and wrinkles.
As the end result, your skin will be smoother, brighter, and even-toned.
Glycolic Acid OR Retinol: which one is better for you?
Skincare is not one size fits all.
What works well for you, the same may not do for someone else.
Similarly, some ingredients suit your skin type, age, and skin concerns, as others may not. So, make sure to consult a dermatologist before you introduce your skin to any active ingredients.
When it comes to Retinol and Glycolic Acid, we can say that if your skincare goal is to improve hyperpigmentation, clogged pores, and acne, Glycolic Acid is right for you.
On the flip side, if you want to prevent or treat wrinkles, fine lines, and sun damage, Retinol is the right ingredient.
Another way to look at it is that if you have sensitive or dry skin, you can go for the Glycolic Acid as it's more on the hydrating side.
Can you use them together?
“It’s best not to mix Retinol with any other active skincare ingredients at the same time, especially exfoliators such as Glycolic Acid. But if someone wants to, they can use Glycolic and Retinol on alternate days”, says Dr Natasha Vijayendran (Consultant Dermatologist).
However, a study in 2015 says the combination of Retinol and Glycolic is effective for early acne scars.
The National Library of Medicine conducted a 12-week study about the efficacy of Retinol and Glycolic Acid combination on acne scars.
In that study, they enrolled 35 individuals and instructed them to apply half a fingertip unit of Retinol (0.025%) and Glycolic Acid (12%) each.
At the end of the 12th week, 91.4% of individuals noticed improvements in their acne scars.
But, you also need to consider the concentrations of each ingredient. As you can see, Retinol used in this study was of very low concentration. Whereas, concentrations available in the market are generally higher, from 0.1% to 1%.
We still recommend you not mix Retinol with Glycolic Acid at the same time (like your nighttime routine) as it may cause detrimental effects.
Are there any side-effects of using this combination?
Yes, using Retinol and Glycolic Acid together may cause -
- Dryness
- Irritation
- Redness
- Peeling or flaking
Most individuals can tolerate Glycolic Acid, but when it’s mixed with Retinol, two potent ingredients together, adverse effects should not come as a surprise.
As we said, start slow, see how your skin reacts to each of them and then make a decision whether you want to stick to this combination.
The best way to mix Retinol with Glycolic Acid
If you want to add Retinol and Glycolic Acid to your skincare routine, it's best to do it gradually and in a very systematic way. Here is how -
Ease into introducing Retinol to your skin. Start with low concentrations and test your skin’s tolerance toward this active ingredient. Apply once or twice a week.
Then wait for some time, only once you are using Retinol more than 3 times per week without any adverse effects, introduce your skin to Glycolic Acid.
Use Glycolic Acid on the days you are not applying Retinol. As Dr Natasha said, it’s best to apply both these ingredients on alternative days. For example, On Monday, you can apply Retinol, and then on Tuesday, apply Glycolic Acid, and so on.
Make sure to use a moisturiser and sunscreen. Dr Natasha even mentioned that while using these active ingredients, one should not make the mistake of omitting sunscreen.
A hydrating moisturiser and an SPF 50 with P++++ are crucial as they will help you avoid any possible sun damage or irritation.
Stop if you think there is something wrong. If you have been avoiding what your skin is saying to you, start listening now, especially while using active ingredients.
In case, there is any itching, redness, or severe dryness while using this combination, stop right away. Take a step back and consult your dermatologist, then adjust your skincare routine accordingly.
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Retinol VS Hyaluronic Acid: Which one is better for treating acne, dark circles, fine lines and wrinkles
How are Retinol and Hyaluronic Acid different from each other? Retinol is widely regarded as the most effective anti-ageing topical treatment. A 2012 study highlighted Hyaluronic Acid as a key molecule in the ageing process. The study suggests that a low molecular weight variant of Hyaluronic Acid can effectively reduce the appearance of fine lines and wrinkles. Thus, both Retinol and Hyaluronic Acid can be considered effective anti-ageing treatments. But is Hyaluronic Acid as potent as Retinol? Does HA possess the ability to penetrate the deeper layers of the skin and mitigate free radicals like Retinol does? No, HA works quite differently from Retinol. Let's go over the key differences between Retinol and Hyaluronic Acid to help you determine which is better suited for your specific skin concerns. 1. Hyaluronic Acid is primarily a humectant that hydrates and retains water in the skin. Retinol, a Vitamin A derivative, promotes cell renewal and boosts collagen and elastin production. A 2021 study shows that HA can immediately boost skin hydration, making the skin smooth and plump. Whereas, Retinol stimulates collagen and elastin production in the skin, enhancing blood flow. This helps Retinol counteract skin concerns like wrinkles, fine lines, and hyperpigmentation. 2. Hyaluronic Acid mostly works on the surface of your skin, whereas Retinol penetrates deeper into the skin. Hyaluronic Acid comes in 4 variants: raw form, hydrolyzed form, alkaline form, and cross-linked form. Raw and hydrolyzed forms have high molecular weight and are unable to penetrate deeper layers of your skin. Thus, it stays on the outer layer of your skin and delivers hydration where it's required. However, alkaline (sodium hyaluronate) and cross-linked forms have low molecular weight and can penetrate the deeper layers of skin. On the other hand, over-the-counter Retinol creams are available in various concentrations, for example, 0.1% to 2%. Regardless of the concentration, Retinol has low molecules that go deep beneath the epidermis (outer layer of skin) to the dermis. 3. Hyaluronic Acid is suitable for all skin types and can be used daily, while Retinol, typically used at night, requires gradual introduction due to its potency and may initially cause irritation. Hyaluronic Acid is considered to be safe for all skin types, can be used every day, and does not cause any adverse effects. Out of all clinical trials conducted to prove the efficacy of HA—not one highlights any side effects of this ingredient. Retinol, on the flip side, requires cautious use. If you are new to Retinol, it is suggested to start with low concentration and use it once a week during your nighttime routine. Moreover, to some individuals, especially the ones with acne-prone or sensitive skin, Retinol can cause adverse reactions like purging, irritation, redness and peeling. 4. Results from Retinol can take weeks or months to show, while Hyaluronic Acid increases skin hydration immediately upon application. Retinol has numerous benefits including reducing the appearance of fine lines and wrinkles, hyperpigmentation, and acne scars. But, Retinol takes time to work. It requires consistent usage. The first few applications may even cause a few adverse effects. However, there is one short-term benefit you can expect. After a few applications, Retinol will exfoliate the dead skin cells and unclog your pores—preventing the formation of acne over time. Retinol vs Hyaluronic Acid: Which one is better for fine lines and wrinkles? If fine lines and wrinkles are among your skin concerns, look no further than Retinol. A 2006 study says that Retinoids, including Retinol, are the most promising agents available for the treatment of ageing and photoaging. Retinol increases collagen production in the skin and stimulates the production of new blood vessels—reducing the appearance of fine lines and wrinkles. Moreover, once the Retinol molecules reach the deeper layer of your skin, they reduce/balance free radicals (A 2010 study found that free radicals damage skin cells, leading to premature ageing). But, to see results, you need to be consistent with Retinol. Experts say it can take up to 6 months before the improvements in wrinkles are apparent. Retinol vs Hyaluronic Acid: Which is more suitable for treating acne? Retinol is more effective than Hyaluronic Acid when it comes to treating acne. In fact, it is approved for treating acne. A 2021 study says Retinol's anti-inflammatory properties make it highly effective in treating acne and improving hyperpigmentation. Another reason why Retinol is considered a suitable treatment for acne is its ability to unclog pores. Clogged pores, caused by a buildup of dirt, oil, or dead skin cells, are a common skin condition. They are also the most common cause of acne. On the other hand, there are not many studies that prove the effectiveness of HA for the treatment of acne. The only relevant information available is a 2017 clinical trial that says HA can regulate sebum production, helping to prevent acne over time. Excess sebum production is a major cause of acne. But HA does not target acne directly, thus Retinol is a better option. READ: How Effective is Retinol for Treating Acne? Which one is better for treating dark circles? For treating dark circles or under-eye bags, Hyaluronic Acid is a safer option. It's gentle enough to use around the eyes, unlike Retinol cream, which is quite potent and should be avoided on sensitive areas such as around the eyes, corners of the nose, and corners of the mouth. HA will hydrate and brighten the skin under the eye—reducing the appearance of dark circles. Can you use Retinol and Hyaluronic Acid together? Yes, you can use Retinol and Hyaluronic Acid together—this combination will not cause any adverse effects. In fact, these ingredients help each other work better. A clinical trial conducted to test the efficacy of a cream containing low concentration of Retinol and Hyaluronic Acid, says that the combination significantly reduces the appearance of fine lines and wrinkles. The combination can also be used to address skin concerns like pigmentary spots, uneven skin tone, and dullness. Can Hyaluronic Acid help you avoid Retinol purge? While Hyaluronic Acid may help with dryness caused by Retinol, it cannot help with skin purging. Retinol speeds up the cell renewal process—in which your skin is basically trying to get rid of all the unwanted/dead skin cells. These cells are pushed to the surface of your skin—appearing as tiny, red bumps that can be sensitive and painful when touched. But don’t worry, this is just a phase, which will last for a few days and then your skin will turn back to normal. Also keep in mind that it does not happen to everyone. During the initial phase of using Retinol—where the purging most likely occurs—you can use a hydrating moisturiser to strengthen your skin barrier. Also make sure not to use any other harsh skincare ingredient. READ: Retinol Purge? 5 Easiest Ways To Ease It References Goulden V. Guidelines for the management of acne vulgaris in adolescents. Paediatr Drugs. 2003;5(5):301-13. doi: 10.2165/00128072-200305050-00003. PMID: 12716217. Lobo, V., Patil, A., Phatak, A., & Chandra, N. (2010). Free radicals, antioxidants and functional foods: Impact on human health. Pharmacognosy Reviews, 4(8), 118-126. Mukherjee, S., Date, A., Patravale, V., Korting, H. C., Roeder, A., & Weindl, G. (2006). Retinoids in the treatment of skin aging: An overview of clinical efficacy and safety. Clinical Interventions in Aging, 1(4), 327-348. Draelos, Z. D., Diaz, I., Namkoong, J., Wu, J., & Boyd, T. (2021). Efficacy Evaluation of a Topical Hyaluronic Acid Serum in Facial Photoaging. Dermatology and Therapy, 11(4), 1385-1394. Papakonstantinou, E., Roth, M., & Karakiulakis, G. (2012). Hyaluronic acid: A key molecule in skin aging. Dermato-Endocrinology, 4(3), 253-258.
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